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Indications

Xeljanz (tofacitinib) is a prescription medication used to treat certain autoimmune disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ulcerative colitis.

Xeljanz works as a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, which helps to reduce inflammation in the body by blocking certain enzyme activity.

Use and Dosage

Physicians typically prescribe it in an oral tablet form, and the dosage might differ based on the individual patient’s unique needs and the medical condition being treated. For RA and PsA, the recommended starting dose is typically 5 mg, twice daily, and for UC, it is 10 mg twice daily for eight weeks, followed by 5 mg twice daily.

Medical professionals emphasize the importance of adhering to Xeljanz dosing instructions given by a healthcare provider and keeping a close watch for potential side effects or concerns.

Side Effects

There are potential side effects that patients need to be aware of before beginning treatment.

Common side effects of tofacitinib include:

• Respiratory tract infections
• Headache
• High blood pressure
• Nausea
• Diarrhea

Serious allergic reactions include:

• Angioedema
• Urticaria which requires immediate medical attention

There is evidence suggesting that tofacitinib may increase the risk of blood clots, infections, and cancer, particularly at higher doses. Healthcare professionals emphasize that patients should be closely monitored for these side effects and report any new or worsening symptoms to their healthcare provider.

Your doctor will weigh the potential benefits of Xeljanz against its potential side effects, and together, you will make an informed decision on your treatment.

Cautions

Certain precautions should be taken before initiating treatment:

Individuals with a known allergy or intolerance to tofacitinib or any of its ingredients should not take this medication. In addition, tofacitinib can cause a reduction in blood cell count (lymphopenia, neutropenia, or anemia) hence, blood tests may be done before and during treatment to monitor any changes in blood counts. Xeljanz can cause serious infections due to immunosuppressive effects, healthcare professionals recommend taking precautions to avoid infections and considering a temporary discontinuation of treatment in the case of an active infection.

There is evidence that Xeljanz may increase the patient’s risk of developing blood clots, cancer, and serious heart-related problems, especially at higher doses. Therefore, patients with risk factors for blood clots, cancer or heart problems should be closely monitored during treatment. In addition, special caution should be used in elderly patients and patients with moderate-to-severe hepatic impairment.

Discuss your complete medical history and any current medications or supplements with your healthcare provider before starting treatment with Xeljanz.

Your healthcare provider will assess your condition and determine if this medication is appropriate for you and what measures need to be put in place to monitor any potential adverse reactions.

Form and Strengths

The Xeljanz is available in the following forms and strengths:

Tofacitinib Tablet:

• 5 mg

The appropriate form and strength will depend on a patient’s condition, medical history, and current medications.

FAQ

How is Xeljanz administered?

Xeljanz comes in different forms and strengths, depending on the condition being treated and prescribed dosage, and is taken orally as a tablet.

Can Xeljanz be used during pregnancy?

It is not recommended to use Xeljanz during pregnancy or while breastfeeding. Women of childbearing age should use contraception while taking the medication.

Can Xeljanz be used with other medications?

Discuss all current medications and supplements with your healthcare provider before starting treatment with Xeljanz.

How often do patients need to be monitored while on Xeljanz?

Patients must be closely monitored for side effects, and regular blood counts taken while on Xeljanz. Your healthcare provider will discuss the monitoring schedule with you before starting treatment.

Resources:

1. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/initial-safety-trial-results-find-increased-risk-serious-heart-related-problems-and-cancer-arthritis
2. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2018/203214s018lbl.pdf
3. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326446